Journal Clean WAS (JCleanWAS)

Particulate Matter (PM) remain poorly characterized in FCT Abuja and this has led to the examination of the temporal variations and distribution of PM₁₀ and PM₂.₅ in FCT Abuja from January 2024 to January 2025, alongside the influence of meteorological parameters as the aim of the research. Observation Instrument, installed at a height of 1.85m at Centre for Atmospheric Research-National Space Research and Development Agency (CAR NASRDA) Observation Centre (8°59’N, 7°23’E; elevation: 427m) was used to gather hourly PM concentrations and meteorological data for January 2024–January 2025 were acquired from Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet) (9°4’N, 7°29’E; elevation: 345m). The study shows an annual mean concentrations of PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀ in 2024 to be 65.21μg/m³ and 61. 23μg/m respectively. Monthly averages for PM₂.₅ ranged from 40.13μg/m³ to 126.02μg/m³, and PM₁₀ ranged from 38.71μg/m³ to 114.16μg/m³Respectively. For PM₂.₅, the highest and lowest levels of PM were 126.1±67.4μg/m³ in February and 64.7±25.3μg/m³ in December; respectively, in January (114.2±38.5μg/m³) and May (38.7±6.8μg/m³). In February and November, the highest and lowest values of PM₂.₅/PM₁₀ were 1.48 and 0.84, respectively. For the month-to-month fluctuation, the highest and lowest PM2.5 were in January (harmattan/dry season) and September (rain season) 2024 at 174.6μg/m³ and 26.3μg/m³ respectively. For PM₁₀, the highest fluctuation 182.33μg/m³ was in January while 170.23μg/m³ was in October respectively. The mean daily air temperature varied from 17.2°C during March to a high of 45.8°C in May 2024, relative humidity was between 12.6% and 92.8%, and atmospheric pressure varied from 84.6hPa to 967.4hPa respectively.